Texas has an estimated 5.64 million white-tailed deer ahead of the fall hunting season, according to the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. The agency says the state has the largest white-tailed deer population in the country, along with the nation’s largest number of deer hunters and annual harvest. The Hill Country accounts for about 1.97 million deer, making it the state’s most populous region for the species. That estimate is up from 1.51 million in 2023, when drought conditions had reduced the regional population. The department said population estimates have risen since 2023 as more fawns survive. Fawn survival is affected by rainfall and habitat conditions; spring rains helped Central Texas avoid severe drought this year, despite a hot summer. “Even an average year in Texas is worth hunting,” said Blaise Korzekwa, the department’s white-tailed deer program leader. He said landowners who manage natural resources carefully have seen that work pay off. The regular white-tailed deer season begins Nov. 7 in most of Texas. Archery hunting is available before then. In Bastrop, Caldwell, Comal County east of Interstate 35, Hays County east of I-35, Lee and Travis County east of I-35, hunters may take antlerless deer from Nov. 14 through Nov. 29. Hunters should check state regulations for other season dates and local rules. In the Hill Country, the area around Llano and Mason counties—known as Deer Management Unit 6—has the region’s highest deer density, the department said. Wildlife officials emphasize doe harvest there to reduce pressure on food resources. Hunting can be one tool for managing deer numbers, but the department also points to year-round land stewardship and habitat management. Through its Managed Lands Deer Program, the agency offers participating landowners harvest or conservation options; conservation participants can receive habitat guidance from a department biologist. The department is also urging hunters to inspect harvested animals for possible screwworm signs. Korzekwa has warned that larvae can leave wounds as an animal’s body cools and then continue their life cycle if not dealt with. Hunters should follow current state guidance for identifying and reporting suspected cases.