The proposal would require people voting in person to show an approved photo ID. Mail voters would have to provide the last four digits of a Nevada driver’s license or Social Security number, or a voter registration number.

Approved photo identification would include a Nevada driver’s license, a government-issued ID card, a U.S. passport or a U.S. military ID, among other accepted forms. An expired ID could still be used if it expired less than four years earlier; voters older than 70 would also be covered by an exception for expired IDs.

Repair the Vote PAC, which supports Question 7, says the requirement would help prevent fraud and build public confidence. PAC president Dave Gibbs said the measure is modeled on laws in Georgia and Texas and would provide “additional verification” that a voter is who they say they are.

Opponents, including the NAACP Las Vegas branch and the ACLU of Nevada, say the proposal addresses no demonstrated widespread fraud problem and risks excluding eligible voters. “Nevada already has fair, safe and accurate elections,” said Quentin Savwoir, president of the NAACP Las Vegas branch.

The ACLU of Nevada’s executive director, Athar Haseebullah, called voter ID “a disenfranchisement tool.” He said obtaining an ID could present barriers for unhoused residents, young people without access to the DMV, people transitioning gender, women whose names have changed through marriage, and people unable to afford identification. He also questioned how poll workers would decide whether an ID matches a voter’s appearance, warning that implementation could lead to complaints and lawsuits.

A nationwide tally identified 513 proven voter-fraud cases since 2016, compared with more than 685 million votes cast during that period. Investigations into fraud claims promoted by President Donald Trump after his 2020 election loss found no evidence of widespread fraud in Nevada or other swing states.

Research cited by opponents points to possible effects on turnout. A 2017 study of Wisconsin’s Dane and Milwaukee counties estimated that the state’s voter ID law deterred about 16,801 eligible nonvoters from casting ballots in 2016, with the study’s high estimate at 23,252.

If Question 7 passes, Nevada would become the 37th state with a voter ID law and the 25th requiring photo ID at polling places. The secretary of state would be responsible for implementing the measure, though Gibbs said practical details still need discussion.

Legal questions could follow. Savwoir said the proposal may conflict with the 15th Amendment’s prohibition on racial discrimination in voting. Haseebullah described the requirement as unconstitutional and raised concerns about costs and unequal access. The U.S. Supreme Court upheld Indiana’s photo ID law in 2008, while its 2013 decision in Shelby County v. Holder eliminated the federal preclearance formula that had required some states to obtain approval before changing election rules.